引言

DSL（Domain Specific Language）是ES的查询语言。本文讲解ES查询DSL的实战应用。

一、全文查询

1.1 match查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "iPhone 14"
    }
  }
}

1.2 match_phrase查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "name": "iPhone 14"
    }
  }
}

1.3 multi_match查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "iPhone",
      "fields": ["name", "description"]
    }
  }
}

二、精确查询

2.1 term查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "category": "手机"
    }
  }
}

2.2 range查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "price": {
        "gte": 5000,
        "lte": 10000
      }
    }
  }
}

三、复合查询

3.1 bool查询

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GET /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "name": "iPhone" } }
      ],
      "filter": [
        { "range": { "price": { "gte": 5000 } } }
      ],
      "should": [
        { "term": { "brand": "Apple" } }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        { "term": { "status": "下架" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}

四、聚合查询

4.1 指标聚合

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GET /products/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "avg_price": {
      "avg": { "field": "price" }
    },
    "max_price": {
      "max": { "field": "price" }
    },
    "min_price": {
      "min": { "field": "price" }
    }
  }
}

4.2 桶聚合

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GET /products/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "categories": {
      "terms": { "field": "category" }
    }
  }
}

总结

ES查询DSL核心：

  1. 全文查询：match、match_phrase
  2. 精确查询：term、range
  3. 复合查询：bool
  4. 聚合查询：指标聚合、桶聚合

参考资料